ocean reanalyses table

Comparison Table of Ocean Reanalyses: Global

Dataset	Yyears	resolution	levels	model
NCEP/GODAS	1980-present	Horizontal 1°x1° (1/3° meridional at the tropics)		MOMv3
NASA ECCO	1993-2017?	1x1 10 in top 10	50	MITgcm and MOM4
BLUELINK	1992-2008	?	47	MOM4 + Chen hybrid mixed layer
CMCC C-GLORS	1980-2015	Horizontal 1/4°x1/4° (ORCA025 tripolar grid)	50	NEMO V3.2 + LIM2
CMCC CHOR (Historical Reanalysis)	1900-2010	Horizontal 1/2°x1/2° (ORCA05 tripolar grid)	75	NEMO V3.4 + LIM2
NCEP CFSR	1979-near present	Horizontal .25 near the equator; 0.5 beyond the tropics	40	GODAS w/MOM4
ECMWF ORAS5	1979-near present	Horizontal 1/4°x1/4° about 1m level thickness in upper 200 m.	75	NEMO V3.4.1
ECMWF ORAS4	1958-?	Horizontal 1°x1° with equatorial refinement (0.3) about 10m level thickness in upper 200 m.	42	NEMO V3.0
GECCO	1952-2001	Horizontal 1°x1°	23	MITgcm
GECCO2	1948-2014	1x1/3°	50	MITgcm
GFDL	1961-2012	Global Tripolar grid (360 by 200),	50	ECDA
GLORYS2V4	1993-2016	Global, 1/4° Mercator grid.1m top level, 200m bottom level	75	Mercator Océan / Copernicus Marine Environment Service (CMEMS)
GMAO	1980-present	1/2° Ocean, 1° Atmosphere	?	GEOS AGCM, MOM4p, CICE
INCOIS-GODAS	2004-almost real time	0.5 deg in the zonal direction. In the meridional direction it is 0.25 between 10S-10N and 0.5 poleward 30	40	MOM4.0
SODA	??	Horizontal 0.25°x0.25^oat the equator reducing to <10km in the Arctic	50	MOM5
TOPAZ	1992-2016	Horizontal 12km in the Arctic to <16 km in North Atlantic	28	HYCOM v2.2, CICE v3
U of Reading UR025.3	??	1/4^o	46	NEMO coupled ice-ocean model v2.3
U of Reading UR025.4	1989-2010	1/4^o	75	NEMO coupled ice-ocean model v3.2
BRAN2020	1993-2020

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Pressure biases in early ship observations

Pressure observations from ships are known to be biased low by about 5hPa in the 1850s - I've been looking into this. I've made an hourly MSLP climatology from 20CR2c over 1981-2010, and for every C19 observation in ICOADS3b4 with good data (has all of date, location, SLP & AT) I've calculated the observed anomaly to this climatology. Averaging those by year gives the graph below.

Annual average mean SLP bias in ICOADS3 beta 4 observations (mean +- 2 standard errors)

Annual average mean SLP bias in ICOADS3 beta 4 observations (mean +- 2 standard errors)

ICOADS is divided into decks (different observation sources). Calculating the mean bias for each deck with pre-1870 observations shows the dominant contributions are from Decks 248 (English East India ships), 701 (US Maury), and 721 (German Maury), and the time variation split by deck persuaded me to concentrate on deck 721 in the first instance, as that's important (lots of obs., relatively late in the period) and has a relatively homogeneous bias.

If the bias depends on the environment - if it's a mis-applied temperature or gravity correction, or caused by movement of the barometer for example - I'd expect it to vary in some systematic fashion with the latitude of the observation: it doesn't.

SLP bias in pre-1870 deck 721

SLP bias in pre-1870 deck 721 observations as a function of observation latitude (red dots). Mean +- 2 standard errors of the bias in each 1 degree latitude band (blue lines).

The mean bias does not co-vary systematically with latitude, or with any parameter that itself co-varies with latitude (so not temperature, pressure, storminess, gravity, ...). It does, however, vary substantially between ships:

SLP bias in pre-1870

SLP bias in pre-1870 deck 721 observations for each distinct ship (observation ID). (Mean +- 2 standard errors).

Deck 248 shows the same results.

I interpret this to mean that this is an instrument error - early barometers had substantial systematic biases (constant offsets) and those offsets were themselves systematically biased - they were more likely to be negative than positive. These offsets got smaller with time as the instruments improved, becoming small by 1870. [Any ideas for how we might test this interpretation?].

That means we could bias-correct the early observations by calculating a mean offset for each identifiable ship and applying it to all their observations (and put these in IVAD). This is straightforward to do and gets rid of the time-varying biases very nicely:

repeat of top figure

Repeat of top figure, except with a constant bias offset applied to each identifiable ship.

Most ships have a short lifetime, so a ship-specific correction would homogenize the time series even if the cause were not a ship-specific bias. So this figure does not prove that the diagnosis is correct, but it does show that the proposed solution would have the desired effect.

[Response (from Philip) to comment below from Anonymous (a.k.a. Clive Wilkinson)]

I'm pretty sure there are very few aneroid barometers in the pre-1870 obs. Wallbrink et al. 2009 claims there are few in the US Maury (though I'm n ot sure how they know). In the German Maury in some cases the SLP was not corrected for temperature, presumably because those observations did not include a barometer temperature, which could indicate they are aneroid observations. But if we compare the two groups it's clear they should all have been corrected:

slp bias pre 1870'

SLP bias in pre-1870 deck 721 observations as a function of observed air temperature, in two groups: Red dots are observations with observed barometer temperatures and temperature corrections made (PB==1 in ICOADS), blue bars are mean+-2se in each 1C AT band; Grey dots are observations without barometer temperatures so no temperature corrections (PB==2), black bars are mean+-2se in each 1C AT band.

If we temperature corrected the grey dots using observed AT for barometer temperature, the temperature dependent bias would disappear, and we'd get the same constant bias as in the corrected obs. So the uncorrected obs need correction, which means they are from mercury barometers, and there is no substantial group of aneroid obs in this deck. This is another bias we could correct, though the effect is modest as the number of non-temperature corrected pressure obs is not that large.

[below: added by Laura Slivinski]

We have also been doing some investigations of this ship bias, as it relates to the 20CRv2c dataset. Below are two maps of the US Maury (deck 701) ship tracks for Jan 1856, colored by bias. In the first figure, the bias is calculated as "obs minus reference," where we have used a climatology of 20CRv2c analysis averaged over 1951-1999. The second figure is the same dataset, but the bias is calculated as "obs minus first guess," ie, the model forecast from the previous analysis step, but before the observation has been assimilated. Generally the behavior is fairly similar, though the "obs minus reference" case definitely seems to make the observation bias look lower.

These figures further suggest that correcting bias on a ship-by-ship basis, or even preprocessing a single ship track, would be a reasonable step, as the ship tracks generally (though not always) have consistent biases. They also hint at the issues with comparing to a climatology, though. (As mentioned in a comment, the climatology may be different between the 1850s and the late 20th century.) However, the "first guess" state is forecasting from analysis states which have already assimilated the biased ship observations, so that might not be ideal on its own either.

US maury

US Maury ship tracks for Jan 1856, colored by (observation minus reference), where reference = 20CRv2c climatology from 1951-1999.

us maury ship tracks

US Maury ship tracks for Jan 1856, colored by (observation minus first guess) where "first guess" is the pre-update forecast from 20CRv2c for that time.

Note: this page was replaced post website update, below are comments that were previously available.

Re: Pressure biases in early ship observations

Submitted by Yvan Duil (not verified) on Fri, 05/20/2016 - 13:23.

The only elegant way to get around this would be to used an iterative process. Detecting the bias by comparison to a first get, then removed the bias from the input data and do a second assimilation. Re-iterate a much as needed. Since assimilation is cheap when there is few data points that might be affordable before 1870.
Re: Pressure biases in early ship observations

Submitted by Yvan Duil (not verified) on Fri, 05/20/2016 - 09:58.

This is a fundamental problem : bias in data bias the model. ERA-20C had an issue with Tristan da Cunha data that messed the model and the data assimilation process locally. There is no nice way to get around that in data sparse region except by assuming climatology. I am wondering is it would be possible to run the model with the time direction inverted. This way you would start from a data rich environment to a data poor one. This should make easier to spot bias.
Re: Pressure biases in early ship observations

Submitted by Anonymous (not verified) on Thu, 05/19/2016 - 06:42.

If the bias is ship specific, and up to c. 1870s, could we be looking at a change from mercurial marine barometers and the introducton of aneroid barometers. Do we have any metadata on the instuments used. Another possibility - what about how the observation is recorded when the barometer is pumping. Was an instruction issued to make obs consistent if before this various ways of observing a pumping barometer had been used.

Re: Pressure biases in early ship observations

Submitted by philip on Thu, 05/19/2016 - 09:45.

If pumping were important, I'd expect to see a bigger effect in the mid-latitudes, where the weather is worse and more changeable, than in the tropics. We don't see such an effect - the absence of any substantial variation with Latitude is a strong indication that no interesting physical effect is playing a role, any such effect would be different in the tropics and the mid-latitudes. It also suggests that it's not a change in observing method, as a change in method to minimise the effect of pumping (for example) would effectively increase or decrease the pumping effect, and would vary with latitude. If it's an observing method change it's one that has the same effect in all weather conditions.

I like the idea of a mercury-> aneroid transition, as I think it's plausible that dodgy mercury barometers tend to be biased low, while dodgy aneroid barometers are equally likely to be biased low or high (I've no idea if they are, but it sounds possible). I'll see if there's any metadata on barometer type in the Maury decks.

Re: Pressure biases in early ship observations

Submitted by philip on Fri, 05/20/2016 - 10:52.

It turns out not to be a mercury->aneroid transition (see above) - these observations are all from mercury barometers.

Re: Pressure biases in early ship observations

Submitted by Yvan Duil (not verified) on Thu, 05/19/2016 - 06:21.

Your procedure looks sound. However, I have an issue with the climatology used. We do expect that some change has occurred over time in pressure field due to climate change . Using a recent climatology might bias the old climatology to look more like the modern one than it used to.

Re: Pressure biases in early ship observations

Submitted by philip on Thu, 05/19/2016 - 09:47.

It would be better to use a C19 climatology, but any such climatology would be contaminated by the obs. being examined, and I was keen to avoid that complication.

Re: Pressure biases in early ship observations

Submitted by Yvan Duil (not verified) on Thu, 05/19/2016 - 10:01.

No win here obviously. Actually debiasing should be done on every ship data backward of 1980.

Impact on predictive skill

In theory such bias correction should improve the predictive skill of the model even if the assimilation scheme is already doing some correction.

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Proposal for assembling the ISPD V4.3

Here is my current understanding of our process for assembling the new ISPD V4.3, using ICOADS 3.0, ISPD 4.0 and IBTrACS v03r08.

ICOADS 3.0 has applied a land mask that we want to ignore for the ship decks from the ACRE collection.

- inorder to use all the data from the ACRE I will need to remove the observations for those ship decks from the ICOADS3.0 (from 1870 - 1946) and blend ACRE data in.

This will include the old weather from the Oldweather US log books and the crowdsourced Weather Detective (DECK 710 and 711)

From Gil: there should also be another Oldweather related deck of UK royal navy.

From Chesley: I think you are referring to the Source ID ?

Here is the link to documentation for the ICOADS 3.0 Talking with Sandy Lubker she thinks the data used in ICOADS3 was downloaded from

This may be where they are:

https://github.com/oldweather/oldWeather1/tree/ICOADS_R3.0/imma

https://github.com/oldweather/Weather-Detective/releases/tag/ICOADS3.p1

https://github.com/oldweather/oldWeather3/releases/tag/ICOADS3.p1

https://github.com/oldweather/Expeditions/releases/tag/ICOADS3.p1

Sandy

These are the particular snippets for the DECK ID's resently added old weather oberservations

Newly added ICOADS SourceID's

Once the data is removed from the ICOADS the UniqueID they have will be lost... ** note that ICOADS has all entries that were not "trimmed" for land mask, even those that do not have a pressure observation

From Gil:The IMMA files provided by Philip Brohan would need to retain the ICOADS UniqueID

From Chesley: I see two problems with trying to maintain the UID from ICOADS

1) The record itself will have been altered for the SLP, so if the user were to look at ICOADS3 for that UID they would not see the same obervation

2) There will be additional oberservations that have no ICOADS UID for obs that were "trimmed"

We want to add a bias correction to all ICOADS observations, including the ACRE observations, (from 1780-1871)

One idea is to pull all the IMMA records from ICOADS3 that are from the specified Decks, merge with all the ACRE IMMA files, remove the duplicates that contain no UID, then edit the SLP values and merge back with the full marine collection.

or if we don't need the UID remove the data that are from the specified Decks, edit all the ACRE IMMA files with "corrected" SLP values and merge back. ***

or we could create a table of ShipName/YYYYMM/bias, and I would write a wrapper to check this file, if bias correction exists apply to the observation.

*** probably the easiest, most reliable way

The German Maury is included in the ICOADS3.0, some of the measurements have both temp and gravity corrections and some not, so not sure if you want to "remove" the Maury also, and add back the observations with the corrections you wanted applied.

From Gil: We would want to remove German Maury (Deck 721 SID 152) and replace with consistently corrected for gravity and temp.

What does altered SLP mean?

Chesley,

Would you clarify what you mean by

"The record itself will have been altered for the SLP, so if the user were to look at ICOADS3 for that UID they would not see the same obervation"

I thought that SLP is in the ICOADS3 record. In the ISPD, we keep the original value as obtained from the source, as well as any corrected or adjusted value.

thanks for clarifying,

gil

Re: Proposal for assembling the ISPD V4.3

It's not just the land mask - the ICOADS QC process is missing background fields for some areas (notably the polar latitudes) for older obs, but the upshot is that many of the early obs are rejected by the QC process for bad reasons. So for our early obs, because we have many useful obs in ports and at high latitude, we would do better to use all the obs, rather than just the obs retained by the ICOADS QC.

I think the simplest way to do this is to get both the released ICOADS3.0, and the 'all-observations file' for ICOADS3.0 (could limit to pre-1950 to save space), and just to swap sources - delete all of SID 165 (oW WW1 ships) in the released file and replace with SID165 in the all file. I'd do this for SIDs 165, 166, 167, 168, 148 128 and 247.

Both released and All files are at NCAR, though an NCAR account is necessary to get the all files (ask Sandy, or Steve Worley)

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Environment Canada digizited stations before 1930

Stations digitized by Environment Canada having pressure observations for the years 1929 and earlier.

Inventory of station and sea level pressure observations having observations before 1930 digitized by

Environment Canada, Climate Research Division, Data Theme

provided courtesy of Xiaolan Wang, Climate Research Division, Environment Canada

A formatted text file version of this list: DigitizedPressurePre1930_station_info.txt

The total period of record is given.

STN_ID      NAME            PERIOD    LAT (d   m)    LON (d   m)      MISSING_YEAR

1018620   Victoria         1899-1952       48 24        -123 19

1108447   Vancouver        1911-1952       49 17        -123 05

1163780   Kamloops         1897-1952       50 42        -120 27          1908

2100400   Dawson           1906-1952       64 04        -139 20

2200100   Aklavik          1926-1952       68 13        -135 00          1941-1943

2201500   Fort Good Hope 2 1920-1952       66 15        -128 38

2201600   Fort Mcpherson   1920-1936       67 26        -134 57          1924,1928,1933,1934

2201700   Fort Norman      1920-1951       64 55        -125 41          1929

2202100   Fort Simpson     1920-1952       61 52        -121 21          1946

2202200   Fort Smith       1920-1952       60 00        -111 58          1944

2400600   Cambridge Bay    1927-1952       69 06        -105 08          1928,1933

2402681   Lake Harbour     1922-1933       62 53         -69 55          1926-1929

2402900 Nottingham Island 1927-1952       63 07         -77 56

2403050   Pangnirtung      1925-1950       66 09         -65 30          1927-1929,1947-1948

2403200   Pond Inlet       1921-1952       72 41         -78 30          1929,1947-1948,1951

2403600 Resolution Island 1929-1952       61 18         -64 53

3012208   Edmonton         1906-1952       53 33        -113 30          1908

3031093   Calgary          1920-1952       51 04        -114 02

3034480   Medicine Hay     1920-1952       50 01        -110 43

3050520   Banff            1920-1952       51 11        -115 34

3062693   Ft Mcmurray      1909-1952       56 55        -111 35          1914-1920

3072657   Fort Chipewyan   1898-1940       58 43        -111 09          1905-1906,1913-1919

4028040   Swift Current    1907-1952       50 20        -107 45          1908

5023222   Winnipeg         1896-1952       49 53         -97 07          1897-1905

5052880   The Pas          1912-1952       53 58        -101 06

5060600   Churchill        1926-1952       58 44         -94 04          1929-1931

6048261   Thunder Bay      1877-1952       48 22         -89 20

         (Port Arthur)

6071712   Cochrane         1920-1939       49 04         -81 02

6075425   Moosonee         1921-1952       51 16         -80 56

6104146   Kingston         1872-1890       44 13         -76 36

6143067   Guelph           1920-1950       43 32         -80 19

6158733   Toronto          1840-1952       43 40         -79 24          1843,1845,1850-1870

7016294   Quebec           1853-1952       46 48         -71 23          1856-1857,1859,1862-1865,1871,1941-1946

7025250   Montreal         1831-1952       45 28         -73 45          1836-1837

7050200 Anticosti SW Point 1881-1952       49 24         -63 33

7056067 Father Point      1874-1951       48 30         -68 29

(7052360)

7092130 Doucet            1922-1939       48 13         -76 37

7111080 Cape Hopes Advance 1928-1952       61 05         -69 33          1940,1941,1947

7113534 Kuujjuaq          1922-1952       58 06         -68 25          1930,1935-1946,1948

        (Fort Chimo)

8101000 Chatham           1874-1952       47 01         -65 28

8104900 Saint John        1875,1896,1907-1952   45 19   -65 53          1876-1895,1897-1906

8202200 Halifax           1828-1952       44 39         -63 34          1867,1901-1905

8204700 Sable Island      1902-1952       43 56         -60 01          1905-1907

8205700 Sydney            1874-1952       46 10         -60 03          1901-1905,1908

8206440 Wolfville         1927-1949       45 06         -64 22

8206500 Yarmouth          1870-1952       43 50         -66 02

8300300 Charlottetown     1873-1952       46 17         -63 08

8401600 Fogo              1920-1950       49 43         -54 17          1933

8403506 St John's         1852-1952       47 37         -52 45          1863-1865,1871-1872,1943-1948

8500500 Belle Isle        1920-1952       51 53         -55 23          1930-1932

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Near Canada Stations in ISPD version 4 before 1930

Stations in Canada and its vicinity expected in the International Surface Pressure Databank version 4 for the years 1929 and earlier

Xungang Yin of NOAA's National Climatic Data Center has generated the following list of stations being merged in ISPD version 4.

Not all of the following stations are necessarily in Canada to have made this list. Please feel free to comment on stations that should

removed.

A formatted text file version of this list: Canada_stations_before1929.txt

# StationID Station_Name Lat Lon period of record [internal dir]

01 2200100 "AKLAVIK A " 68.22 224.99: 1926-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/canada/2200100.asc]

02 2201500 "FORT GOOD HOPE 2 " 66.25 231.37: 1920-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/canada/2201500.asc]

03 2202100 "FORT SIMPSON " 61.87 238.65: 1920-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/canada/2202100.asc]

04 2202200 "FORT SMITH " 60.02 248.04: 1920-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/canada/2202200.asc]

05 2400600 "CAMBRIDGE BAY A " 69.11 254.86: 1927,1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/canada/2400600.asc]

06 2402681 "LAKE HARBOUR " 62.83 290.08: 1922-1925 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/canada/2402681.asc]

07 2402900 "NOTTINGHAM ISLAND " 63.12 282.07: 1927-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/canada/2402900.asc]

08 2403050 "PANGINIRTUNG " 66.13 294.27: 1925-1926 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/canada/2403050.asc]

09 2403200 "POND INLET " 72.68 282.02: 1921-1928 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/canada/2403200.asc]

10 2403600 "RESOLUTION ISLAND " 61.30 295.12: 1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/canada/2403600.asc]

11 3062693 "FORT MCMURRAY " 56.65 248.78: 1909-1913,1921-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/canada/3062693.asc]

12 3072657 "FORT CHIPEWYAN " 58.72 248.85: 1898-1904,1907-1912,1920-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/canada/3072657.asc]

13 5060600 "CHURCHILL " 58.74 265.94: 1926-1928 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/canada/5060600.asc]

14 7113534 "KUUJJUAQ A " 58.10 291.58: 1922-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/canada/7113534.asc]

15 8500500 "BELLE ISLE " 51.88 304.62: 1920-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/canada/8500500.asc]

16 7050200 "ANTICOSTI " 49.40 296.42: 1911-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1/canadian/anticosti]

17 8300300 "CHARLOTTETOWN " 46.28 296.87: 1873-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1/canadian/charlot]

18 8101000 "CHATHAM " 47.02 294.53: 1907,1909-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1/canadian/chatha]

19 2100400 "DAWSON " 64.07 220.67: 1906-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1/canadian/dawson]

20 3012208 "EDMONTON " 53.57 246.48: 1906-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1/canadian/edmonton]

21 7052360 "FATHER_POINT " 48.52 291.68: 1874-1876,1906-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1/canadian/father]

22 8202200 "HALIFAX " 44.65 296.43: 1861-1866,1868-1875,1896,1906-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1/canadian/halifax]

23 1163780 "KAMLOOPS " 50.70 239.55: 1907-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1/canadian/kamloo]

24 5052864 "LE_PAS " 53.82 258.75: 1916-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1/canadian/le_pas]

25 7025250 "MONTREAL " 45.47 286.25: 1859-1860,1872,1874-1875,1880-1889,1891-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1/canadian/montreal]

26 6046E88 "PORT_ARTHUR " 48.45 270.80: 1906-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1/canadian/port_a]

27 7016294 "QUEBEC " 46.80 288.62: 1853-1855,1858,1860-1861,1866-1870,1873-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1/canadian/quebec]

28 8204700 "SABLE_ISLAND " 43.95 299.90: 1916-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1/canadian/sable_isla]

29 8104900 "SAINT_JOHN " 45.32 294.12: 1875,1896-1897,1907-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1/canadian/saint_jo]

30 8403506 "ST_JOHNS " 47.62 307.25: 1852-1862,1866-1870,1873-1876,1906-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1/canadian/st_johns]

31 4028040 "SWIFT_CURRENT " 50.30 252.32: 1907-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1/canadian/swift]

32 8205700 "SYDNEY " 46.17 299.83: 1906-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1/canadian/sydney]

33 6158733 "TORONTO " 43.67 280.40: 1848-1850,1871-1878,1880-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1/canadian/toronto]

34 1108447 "VANCOUVER " 49.20 236.82: 1922-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1/canadian/vancouve]

35 1018610 "VICTORIA " 48.40 236.68: 1899-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1/canadian/victoria]

36 5023222 "WINNIPEG " 49.92 262.77: 1896-1897,1906-1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1/canadian/winnipeg]

37 8206500 "YARMOUTH " 43.83 293.97: 1870-1872,1879-1895,1899-1915,1929 [ISPD_dir=ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1/canadian/yarmout]

38 pointe_pitre "Pointe a Pitre, Guadaloupe " 48.50 291.52: 1875 [ISPD_dir=ISPD30_add/ACRE/pointe_p]

39 st_pauls_is "St Paul's Island " 47.20 299.85: 1875-1876 [ISPD_dir=ISPD30_add/ACRE/st_pauls_]

40 york_factory "York Factory, Canada " 57.03 267.57: 1875,1878-1879 [ISPD_dir=ISPD30_add/ACRE/york_factory]

41 assistancebay "Assistance Bay " 74.67 265.73: 1850-1851 [ISPD_dir=ISPD30_add/EarlyArctic/assistancebay]

42 beecheyisland "Beechey Island " 74.72 268.10: 1853-1854 [ISPD_dir=ISPD30_add/EarlyArctic/beecheyi]

43 dealy_island "Dealy Island " 74.93 251.18: 1852-1853 [ISPD_dir=ISPD30_add/EarlyArctic/dealy_i]

44 fort_rae "Fort Rae " 62.65 244.27: 1882-1883 [ISPD_dir=ISPD30_add/EarlyArctic/for]

45 gth "Godthaab " 64.18 308.27: 1882-1883 [ISPD_dir=ISPD30_add/EarlyArctic/gt]

46 kf "Kingua Fjord " 66.60 292.68: 1882-1883 [ISPD_dir=ISPD30_add/EarlyArctic/kf]

47 lfb "Lady Franklin Bay " 81.73 295.25: 1881-1883 [ISPD_dir=ISPD30_add/EarlyArctic/lfb]

48 melvillesound "Melville Sound " 74.70 258.63: 1853-1854 [ISPD_dir=ISPD30_add/EarlyArctic/me]

49 polaris_bay "Polaris Bay, Greenland " 81.60 297.75: 1871-1873 [ISPD_dir=ISPD30_add/EarlyArctic/polaris_bay]

50 polaris_house "Polaris House " 78.30 289.75: 1872-1873 [ISPD_dir=ISPD30_add/EarlyArctic/polaris_hous]

51 port_leopold "Port Leopold " 73.83 269.80: 1848-1849 [ISPD_dir=ISPD30_add/EarlyArctic/port_leop]

52 van_rensselae "Van Rensselaer Harbor " 78.62 289.12: 1853-1855 [ISPD_dir=ISPD30_add/EarlyArctic/van]

53 sitka "Sitka " 57.05 224.65: 1843-1867 [ISPD_dir=ISPD30_add/Sitka/sitka]

54 godthaab "Godthaab, Greenland " 64.16 308.25: 1875-1883 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/001013_acre/IMB/godth]

55 halifax "Halifax, Nova Scotia " 44.60 296.40: 1875-1883 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/001013_acre/IMB/halifa]

56 york_factory "York Factory, Canada " 57.03 267.57: 1875-1879 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/001013_acre/IMB/york_factory]

57 killisnoo "Killisnoo " 57.47 229.43: 1888-1891 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/001016_USChcl/Killisnoo/killisnoo]

58 st_johns "St Johns,Newfoundland " 47.51 307.34: 1859-1860 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/001018_AustrianISC/Canada/st_johns]

59 toronto_iap "Toronto Pearson IAP " 43.68 280.37: 1840-1848 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/001018_AustrianISC/Canada/toronto_iap]

60 toronto "Toronto " 43.66 280.64: 1840-1845 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/001018_AustrianISC/Toronto/toronto]

61 1163780 "Kamloops " 50.67 239.67: 1897-1900,1906 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/003004_EnvCanada/1163780]

62 6104146 "Kingston " 44.22 283.40: 1872-1879 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/003004_EnvCanada/6104146]

63 6158733 "Toronto " 43.68 280.37: 1879 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/003004_EnvCanada/6158733]

64 7016294 "Quebec " 46.80 288.62: 1872-1873 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/003004_EnvCanada/7016294]

65 7025250 "Montreal " 45.50 286.42: 1876-1895,1897-1899 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/003004_EnvCanada/7025250]

66 7056067 "Father Point " 48.50 291.52: 1876-1905,1908 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/003004_EnvCanada/7056067]

67 8101000 "Chatham " 47.01 294.53: 1876-1906,1908 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/003004_EnvCanada/8101000]

68 8202200 "Halifax " 44.65 296.43: 1877-1878,1883-1885,1887-1895,1897-1900 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/003004_EnvCanada/8202200]

69 8205700 "Sydney " 46.17 299.95: 1876-1900 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/003004_EnvCanada/8205]

70 beaver_hall "32 Beaver Hall Ter,Montreal " 45.50 286.43: 1868-1873 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/003031_CanadianClimRescue/beaver_hall]

71 great_st-jame "Great St-James str,Montreal " 45.50 286.44: 1831-1842 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/003031_CanadianClimRescue/great_s]

72 halifax "Halifax " 44.60 296.40: 1828-1860 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/003031_CanadianClimRescue/halifax]

73 little_st-jam "Little St-James st,Montreal " 45.51 286.45: 1842-1852,1862-1868 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/003031_CanadianClimRescue/littl]

74 mt_st "Mt St Christ Church, Montreal " 45.50 286.42: 1838-1842,1845,1847,1852-1862,1864-1867 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/003031_CanadianClimRescue/mt_st]

75 rue_ste_anne "Rue Ste Anne,Quebec " 46.81 288.79: 1803-1819 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/003031_CanadianClimRescue/rue_ste_anne]

76 st-martin_lav "St Martin Laval,Quebec " 45.50 286.27: 1853-1862 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/003031_CanadianClimRescue/st-martin_la]

77 york_factory "32 Beaver Hall Ter,Montreal " 57.00 267.70: 1828-1832 [ISPD_dir=ISPD40_add/003031_CanadianClimRescue/]

The internal directory is for ISPD tracking, but it does help the user see in what version of ISPD that station was introduced.

For example, entry 77 was added in ISPD version 4.0 (from the ISPD40_add directory name),

while entry 26 was in ISPD version 1.1 and merged into ISPD version 2.2.4 (from the ISPD2_2_4/ispd1_1 name).

Re: Near Canada Stations in ISPD version 4 before 1930

Thank you Yvan. That was a mistake for station 38. Confirmed from scanned image that the station name is correct but the position should be 16.24N, 61.54W, elevation 4 m. I'll correct the metadata in ISPD.

Also the whole list may include a few non-Canadian stations as I used a box to find the Canadian stations and manually removed those apparently non-Canadian stations.

Re: Near Canada Stations in ISPD version 4 before 1930

Gil, station 38 is not in Canada. Latitude should be 18.50 and not 48.50. Station 54 is in Greenland but this is close enough ;)

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Canadian station data rescue

This page is for discussing sources of Canadian station data and planning for future data recovery.

A list of stations having data before 1930 in Canada or its vicinity that are expected to be in ISPD version 4 is here.

A list of stations digitized by Environment Canada, Climate Research Research Division is here. Not all of these stations are included in the ISPDv4.

Re: Canadian station data rescue

apologies for being a bit late in contributing... I would have been tempted to agree with Vicky on the overhead of correcting poor OCR recognition of tabular data. We made several attempts using ABBY Fineprinter, considered to be one of the best OCR engines, but gave up because of the same issue. However, I've discovered Bytescout which has a module specifically designed to manage tabular data (in .pdf form) conversion to .xls. We ran it across some images of Antarctic data and got manageable results. As it turns out, the Antarctic data has already been digitised and included in the ISPD, so we don't have extended experience with Bytescout.

Bytescout is pretty pricey stuff but they make the pdf to xls module available for free at:
http://bytescout.com/?q=/download/download_freeware.html, and look for PDF Viewer./

If your images are not in pdf, most image viewers will save a jpg (or whatever) as pdf. We use freeware Irfanview for all our image work
and it's never let us down with its exteded capabilities.

and BTW Vicky, Bytescout are fellow Canucks (Vancouver)

Mac
Todd Weather Folios Team
Adelaide, South Australia

Re: Canadian station data rescue

From what I understood of the presentation on Tuesday at ACRE, we would have to request the archival documents from the data and archives department of the Meteorological Service of Canada (MSC), and they would retrieve the files from the archive at Western Ontario where they're being stored.

Re: Canadian station data rescue

A few months ago a short-list was put together of Canadian locations which we think may have long series of observations and/or are in data sparse regions, which I'll update based on Gil’s station list and notes from last week and post up here. The original files can be retrieved from the current archives by the MSC under the agreement of the long-term loan of the papers. However, once they’re retrieved, something (probably digital scanning or photography?) needs to be done with the paper copies as a first step to retrieving the information. Depending on the number of pages to be scanned, a formal request and financing structure may need to be considered.

One question to consider would be whether to get the information from the printed annual books or from the original stations records, or use a combination. I'm inclined to look at the original records as I think they may have more information and fewer [printing, transcription, etc] errors, but the printed tables might be easier for volunteer digitization.

Re: Canadian station data rescue

Vicky, Original sources are always best. I think volunteers working on the original sources will be ok - we need them more for the handwritten. One can always make the argument that Optical Character Recognition would work on the scanned tables, even if the success rate isn't great. What is MSC? best wishes, gil

Re: Canadian station data rescue

I find OCR ends up taking more time to correct than typing the data in the first place. For the original sources, we'll need a project to get them scanned from the paper format.

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List of satellite datasets

A dataset is defined here as:

a data record,
from a single instrument,
from a single satellite,
containing a single observable or geophysical variable.

Please feel free to report omissions or errors, e.g. by submitting comments below.

List of single-instrument, single-satellite, and single-observable data records.
Observable or Geophysical variable	Instrument	Satellite	Time period	Reprocessing, if any
Significant wave height	Altimeter	ERS-1	Aug 1991-Jun 1996	ESA
Significant wave height	Altimeter	ERS-2	May 1995-Jul 2003	ESA
Significant wave height	Altimeter	ENVISAT	Jul 2003-May 2012
Significant wave height	Altimeter	JASON-1	Oct 2003-Jul 2013
Significant wave height	Altimeter	JASON-2	Mar 2009-present
Backscatter sigma0	SASS	SEASAT	Jul 1978-Oct 1978	NASA JPL Physical Oceanography DAAC (PO.DAAC)
Backscatter sigma0	AMI	ERS-1	Apr 1992-Jul 1997	ESA
Backscatter sigma0	AMI	ERS-2	Nov 1995-Jul 2011, with long gaps	ESA
Backscatter sigma0	NSCAT	ADEOS-1	Sep 1996-Jun 1997
Backscatter sigma0	SEAWINDS	QUIKSCAT	Feb 2000-Nov 2009
Backscatter sigma0	SEAWINDS	ADEOS-2	Apr 2003-Oct 2003
Backscatter sigma0	ASCAT	METOP-A	Jan 2007-present	EUMETSAT
Backscatter sigma0	SCAT	OCEANSAT-2	Mar 2011-present
Total column ozone	TOMS	NIMBUS-7	Nov 1978-May 1993	NASA v8.6 retrievals http://ozoneaq.gsfc.nasa.gov/nimbus7Ozone.md
Total column ozone	TOMS	METEOR-3	Aug 1991-Dec 1994	NASA v8.6 retrievals http://ozoneaq.gsfc.nasa.gov/meteor3Ozone.md
Total column ozone	TOMS	EARTHPROBE	Jul 1996-Dec 2005	NASA v8.6 retrievals http://ozoneaq.gsfc.nasa.gov/earthProbeOzone.md
Total column ozone	TOMS	ADEOS-1	Oct 1996-Jun1997	NASA v8.6 ?
Total column ozone	SCIAMACHY +	ENVISAT	Aug 2002-Apr 2012	KNMI reprocessed data available for 2008
Total column ozone	OMI +	EOS-AURA	Oct 2004-present	KNMI reprocessed data available for 2008
Total column ozone	GOME-2 +	METOP-A	Jan 2007-Dec 2012	ESA-CCI Ozone ?
Ozone profile	BUV	NIMBUS-4	Apr 1970-May 1977	NASA v8.6 ?
Ozone profile	BUV	AE-E also known as Atmosphere Explorer 55	Nov 1975-Jun 1981	DATA LOCATION UNKNOWN
Ozone profile	SBUV	NIMBUS-7	Nov 1978-Jun 1990	NASA v8.6 ?
Ozone profile	SBUV/2	NOAA-9	Mar 1985-Feb 1998	NASA v8.6 ?
Ozone profile	SBUV/2	NOAA-11	Jan 1989-May 2003	NASA v8.6 ?
Ozone profile	SBUV/2	NOAA-14	Jan 1996-Jan 2006	NASA v8.6 ?
Ozone profile	SBUV/2	NOAA-16	Oct 2000-Oct 2008	NASA v8.6 ?
Ozone profile	SBUV/2	NOAA-17	Jan 2003-Dec 2011	NASA v8.6 ?
Ozone profile	SBUV/2	NOAA-18	Oct 2005-Dec 2011	NASA v8.6 ?
Ozone profile	SBUV/2	NOAA-19	Jun 2011-present	NASA v8.6 ?
Ozone profile	GOME +	ERS-2	Jan 1996-Dec 2002	ESA CCI Ozone ?
Ozone profile	MLS	UARS	Sep 1991-Aug 2001
Ozone profile	MLS	EOS-AURA	Oct 2004-present
Ozone profile	MIPAS +	ENVISAT	Jul 2002-Apr 2012	ESA CCI Ozone
Ozone profile	FTS	ACE	Mar 2004-Sep 2010	v2.2 (currently being reprocessed after Oct 2010) from http://www.ace.uwaterloo.ca/index.html
Bending angles	GPS radio occultation receiver	GPS/MET	Selected short time periods in 1995, 1996, 1997	UCAR CDAAC version 2007.3200 reprocessed dataset
Bending angles	GPS radio occultation receiver	CHAMP	May 2001-Oct 2008	UCAR CDAAC version 2009.2650 reprocessed dataset
Bending angles	GPS radio occultation receiver	SAC-C	Aug 2001-Nov 2002 and Mar 2006-Aug 2011	UCAR CDAAC version 2010.2640 reprocessed dataset
Bending angles	GPS radio occultation receiver	GRACE-A	Feb 2007-Jun 2013 (as of 25 Oct 2013)	UCAR CDAAC versions 2009.2650 and 2010.2640 reprocessed datasets
Bending angles	GPS radio occultation receiver	COSMIC FM-1	Jul 2006-Jun 2013 (as of 25 Oct 2013)	UCAR CDAAC version 2010.2640 reprocessed dataset
Bending angles	GPS radio occultation receiver	COSMIC FM-2	Jul 2006-Jun 2013 (as of 25 Oct 2013)	UCAR CDAAC version 2010.2640 reprocessed dataset
Bending angles	GPS radio occultation receiver	COSMIC FM-3	Jul 2006-Jul 2010 (as of 25 Oct 2013)	UCAR CDAAC version 2010.2640 reprocessed dataset
Bending angles	GPS radio occultation receiver	COSMIC FM-4	Jul 2006-Jun 2013 (as of 25 Oct 2013)	UCAR CDAAC version 2010.2640 reprocessed dataset
Bending angles	GPS radio occultation receiver	COSMIC FM-5	Jul 2006-Jun 2013 (as of 25 Oct 2013)	UCAR CDAAC version 2010.2640 reprocessed dataset
Bending angles	GPS radio occultation receiver	COSMIC FM-6	Jul 2006-Jun 2013 (as of 25 Oct 2013)	UCAR CDAAC version 2010.2640 reprocessed dataset
Bending angles	GPS radio occultation receiver	TERRASAR-X	Feb 2008-Dec 2012	UCAR CDAAC version 2010.2640 reprocessed dataset
Bending angles	GPS radio occultation receiver	C/NOFS	Mar 2010-Dec 2011	UCAR CDAAC version 2010.2640 reprocessed dataset
Bending angles	GPS radio occultation receiver	METOP-A	Sep 2007-Dec 2011	UCAR CDAAC version 2011.2980 reprocessed dataset
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)		METEOSAT-1	Dec 1978-Nov 1979
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)	MVIRI	METEOSAT-2	May 1982-Aug 1988	EUMETSAT
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)	MVIRI	METEOSAT-3	Jan 1989-Jan 1991 / Jan 1993-May 1995 (XADC)	EUMETSAT
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)	MVIRI	METEOSAT-4	Jun 1989-Fev 1994	EUMETSAT
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)	MVIRI	METEOSAT-5	Nov 1991-Feb 2007	EUMETSAT for Nov 1991-Feb 1997/June 1998-Dec 2000
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)	MVIRI	METEOSAT-6	Fev 1997- Jun 1998 (+ few dates in Jan 99 and Jan 2000)	EUMETSAT
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)	MVIRI	METEOSAT-7	June 1998-present	EUMETSAT for June 1998-Dec 2000
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)	SEVIRI	METEOSAT-8	Mar 2004-present	EUMETSAT
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)	SEVIRI	METEOSAT-9	Jun 2006-present	EUMETSAT
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)		GOES	Before 1995
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)		GOES	After 1995	CIMSS
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)		GOES-9	May 2003-Jun 2005	JMA
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)		GMS-1	Jan 1979-Nov 1984	JMA for Jan 1979-Nov 1979
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)		GMS-3	Dec 1984-Feb 1987	JMA for Mar 1987-Dec 1989
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)		GMS-4	Dec 1989-Jun 1995	JMA
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)		GMS-5	Jun 1995-May 2003	JMA
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)		MTSAT-1R	Jun 2005-Sep 2009	JMA
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)	AVHRR	NOAA-7	Jan 1982-Fev 1985	CIMSS ftp://stratus.ssec.wisc.edu/pub/winds/histavhrr/newversion/noaa-7/
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)	AVHRR	NOAA-9	Fev 1985-Nov 1988	CIMSS ftp://stratus.ssec.wisc.edu/pub/winds/histavhrr/newversion/noaa-9/
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)	AVHRR	NOAA-10	Nov 1986-Sep 1991	CIMSS ftp://stratus.ssec.wisc.edu/pub/winds/histavhrr/newversion/noaa-10/
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)	AVHRR	NOAA-11	Nov 1998-Sep 1994	CIMSS ftp://stratus.ssec.wisc.edu/pub/winds/histavhrr/newversion/noaa-11/
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)	AVHRR	NOAA-12	Sep 1991-Dec 1998	CIMSS ftp://stratus.ssec.wisc.edu/pub/winds/histavhrr/newversion/noaa-12/
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)	AVHRR	NOAA-14	Fev 1995-Dec 2000	CIMSS ftp://stratus.ssec.wisc.edu/pub/winds/histavhrr/newversion/noaa-14/
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)	AVHRR	NOAA-15	Dec 1999-Dec 2002	CIMSS ftp://stratus.ssec.wisc.edu/pub/winds/histavhrr/newversion/noaa-15/
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)	AVHRR	NOAA-16	Jan 2001-Nov 2007	CIMSS ftp://stratus.ssec.wisc.edu/pub/winds/histavhrr/newversion/noaa-16/
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)	AVHRR	NOAA-17	Oct 2002-Dec 2009	CIMSS ftp://stratus.ssec.wisc.edu/pub/winds/histavhrr/newversion/noaa-17/
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)	AVHRR	NOAA-18	May 2005-Dec 2010	CIMSS, though no data for 2007 and 2008 ftp://stratus.ssec.wisc.edu/pub/winds/histavhrr/newversion/noaa-18/
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)	AVHRR	METOP-A	Jan 2007-Dec 2012	EUMETSAT
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)	MODIS	EOS-Terra	Jan 2000-present
Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)	MODIS	EOS-Aqua	Jun 2002-present
Brightness temperature	HRIR	NIMBUS-1	Aug 1964-Sep 1964	NASA https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/uui/datasets/HRIRN1L1_V001/summary?keywords=…
Brightness temperature	HRIR	NIMBUS-2	May 1966-Nov 1966	NASA https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/uui/datasets/HRIRN2L1_V001/summary?keywords=…
Brightness temperature	HRIR	NIMBUS-3	Apr 1969-Mar 1970	NASA https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/uui/datasets/HRIRN3L1_V001/summary?keywords=…
Brightness temperature	MRIR	NIMBUS-2	May 1966-Jul 1966	NASA https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/uui/datasets/MRIRN2L1_V001/summary?keywords=…
Brightness temperature	MRIR	NIMBUS-3	Apr 1969-Feb 1970	NASA https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/uui/datasets/MRIRN3L1_V001/summary?keywords=…
Brightness temperature	THIR	NIMBUS-4	Apr 1970-Apr 1971	NASA https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/uui/datasets/THIRN4L1CH115_V001/summary?keyw… https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/uui/datasets/THIRN4L1CH67_V001/summary?keywo…
Brightness temperature	THIR	NIMBUS-5	Dec 1972-Mar 1975	NASA https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/uui/datasets/THIRN5L1CH115_V001/summary?keyw… https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/uui/datasets/THIRN5L1CH67_V001/summary?keywo…
Brightness temperature	THIR	NIMBUS-6	Jun 1975-Aug 1977	NASA https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/uui/datasets/THIRN6L1CH115_V001/summary?keyw… https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/uui/datasets/THIRN6L1CH67_V001/summary?keywo…
Brightness temperature	THIR	NIMBUS-7	Oct 1978-May 1985	NASA https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/uui/datasets/THIRN7L1CLDT_V001/summary?keywo…
Brightness temperature	SIRS-A	NIMBUS-3	Apr 1969-Jun 1970	UCAR http://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/ds685.0
Brightness temperature	SIRS-B	NIMBUS-4	Apr 1970-Apr 1971	UCAR http://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/ds685.0
Brightness temperature	SSH	DMSP block 5D F-1	Sep 1976-Sep 1979	DATA LOCATION UNKNOWN
Brightness temperature	SSH	DMSP block 5D F-2	Jun 1977-Jun 1978	DATA LOCATION UNKNOWN
Brightness temperature	SSH	DMSP block 5D F-3	Apr 1978-Dec 1979	DATA LOCATION UNKNOWN
Brightness temperature	SSH	DMSP block 5D F-4	Jun 1979-Aug 1980	DATA LOCATION UNKNOWN
Brightness temperature	VTPR	NOAA-2	Jan 1973-Oct 1974
Brightness temperature	VTPR	NOAA-3	Mar 1974-Dec 1974
Brightness temperature	VTPR	NOAA-4	Dec 1974-Sep 1976
Brightness temperature	VTPR	NOAA-5	Sep 1976-Dec 1978
Brightness temperature	HIRS/1	NIMBUS-6	Aug 1975-Mar 1976	NASA https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/uui/datasets/HIRSN6L1GARP_V001/summary?keywo…
Brightness temperature	HIRS/2	TIROS-N	Jan 1979-Feb 1981
Brightness temperature	HIRS/2	NOAA-6	Jul 1979-Apr 1983
Brightness temperature	HIRS/2	NOAA-7	Jul 1981-Feb 1985
Brightness temperature	HIRS/2	NOAA-8	Apr 1983-Jun 1984
Brightness temperature	HIRS/2	NOAA-9	Dec 1984-Nov 1988
Brightness temperature	HIRS/2	NOAA-10	Nov 1986-Sep 1991
Brightness temperature	HIRS/2	NOAA-11	Oct 1988-Apr 2000
Brightness temperature	HIRS/2	NOAA-12	Jul 1991-May 1997
Brightness temperature	HIRS/2	NOAA-14	Apr 1995-Dec 2004
Brightness temperature	HIRS/3	NOAA-15	Aug 1998-Jun 2000
Brightness temperature	HIRS/3	NOAA-16	Oct 2000-May 2004
Brightness temperature	HIRS/3	NOAA-17	Jul 2002-Dec 2011
Brightness temperature	HIRS/4	NOAA-18	DO NOT USE
Brightness temperature	HIRS/4	NOAA-19	Jun 2009-Dec 2011
Brightness temperature	HIRS/4	METOP-A	Feb 2007-Dec 2011
Brightness temperature	SCR	NIMBUS-4	Jun 1970-Oct 1972	University of Oxford Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Planetary Physics Department in 2011 (data curated by project SEEDCORN) Copy of the data now at ECMWF
Brightness temperature	SCR	NIMBUS-5	Dec 1972-Mar 1978	University of Oxford Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Planetary Physics Department in 2011 (data curated by project SEEDCORN) Copy of the data now at ECMWF
Brightness temperature	PMR	NIMBUS-6	Jun 1975-Jun 1978	University of Oxford Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Planetary Physics Department in 2011 (data curated by project SEEDCORN) Copy of the data now at ECMWF
Brightness temperature	SSU	TIROS-N	Oct 1978-Feb 1981
Brightness temperature	SSU	NOAA-6	Jul 1979-Oct 1986
Brightness temperature	SSU	NOAA-7	Jun 1981-Feb 1985
Brightness temperature	SSU	NOAA-8	Apr 1983-Oct 1985
Brightness temperature	SSU	NOAA-9	Dec 1984-Nov 1988
Brightness temperature	SSU	NOAA-11	Sep 1988-Jan 2003
Brightness temperature	SSU	NOAA-14	Jan 1995-May 2006
Brightness temperature	IRIS-B	NIMBUS-3	Apr 1969-Jul 1969
Brightness temperature	IRIS-D	NIMBUS-4	Apr 1970-Jan 1971	Data curated by NASA GES DISC
Brightness temperature	SI-1	METEOR-28	Jul 1977-Sep 1977	Data on the personal computers of the PIs, Wolfgang Döhler and Dieter Oertel
Brightness temperature	SI-1	METEOR-29	Jan 1979-May 1979	Data on the personal computers of the PIs, Wolfgang Döhler and Dieter Oertel
Brightness temperature	IMG	ADEOS-1	Oct 1996-Aug 1997	JAXA or NASA JPL ?
Brightness temperature	AIRS	EOS-Aqua	May 2002-present	NASA JPL AIRS v5 or v6 reprocessed dataset of L1B
Brightness temperature	IASI	METOP-A	Jan 2007-Dec 2011
Brightness temperature	Imager	GMS-5	Jun 1995-May 2003	JMA
Brightness temperature	Imager	GOES-9	May 2003-Jun 2005	JMA
Brightness temperature	Imager	MTSAT-1R	Jun 2005-Dec 2009	JMA
Brightness temperature	MVIRI	METEOSAT-2	May 1982-Aug 1988	EUMETSAT
Brightness temperature	MVIRI	METEOSAT-3	Aug 1988-Jan 1991 / Aug 1991-Jan 1993 (ADC) / Aug 1993-Dec 1995 (XADC)	EUMETSAT
Brightness temperature	MVIRI	METEOSAT-4	Jun 1989-Feb 1994	EUMETSAT
Brightness temperature	MVIRI	METEOSAT-5	Feb 1994-Feb 2007	EUMETSAT for Feb 1994-Feb 1997 / Jun 1998-Dec 2000 (IOC)
Brightness temperature	MVIRI	METEOSAT-6	Oct 1996-Jun 1988	EUMETSAT
Brightness temperature	MVIRI	METEOSAT-7	June 1998-present	EUMETSAT for June 1998-Dec 2000
Brightness temperature	SEVIRI	METEOSAT-8	Mar 2004-present	EUMETSAT
Brightness temperature	SEVIRI	METEOSAT-9	Jun 2006-present	EUMETSAT

Brightness temperature	ESMR	NIMBUS-5	Dec 1972-May 1977	NASA https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/uui/datasets/ESMRN5L1_V001/summary?keywords=…
Brightness temperature	SCAMS	NIMBUS-6	Jun 1975-May 1976	NASA https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/SCAMSN6L2_V001/
Brightness temperature	SSH-2	DMSP block 5D F-6	Dec 1982-Aug 1987	DATA LOCATION UNKNOWN
Brightness temperature	SSMT	DMSP block 5D F-7	Nov 1983-Sep 2002	DATA LOCATION UNKNOWN
Brightness temperature	SSMT	DMSP block 5D F-8	Jun 1987-Aug 1994	DATA LOCATION UNKNOWN
Brightness temperature	SSH-2 according to NASA, but SSMT according to all other sources	DMSP block 5D F-9	Feb 1988-Apr 1992	DATA LOCATION UNKNOWN
Brightness temperature	SAMS	Nimbus-7	Mar 1979-May 1983	University of Oxford Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Planetary Physics Department in 2011 (data curated by project SEEDCORN) Copy of the data now at ECMWF
Brightness temperature	SSMT	DMSP block 5D F-10	Apr 1992-Nov 1997	NOAA NGDC (neither reprocessed nor re-acquired from original agency) Note: data should be archived elsewhere for the beginning of the mission, from Dec 1990
Brightness temperature	SSMT	DMSP block 5D F-11	Apr 1992-May 2000	NOAA NGDC (neither reprocessed nor re-acquired from original agency) Note: data should be archived elsewhere for the beginning of the mission, from Nov 1991
Brightness temperature	SSMT	DMSP block 5D F-12	Sep 1994-Nov 1995	NOAA NGDC (neither reprocessed nor re-acquired from original agency)
Brightness temperature	SSMT	DMSP block 5D F-13	Apr 1995-Nov 2009	NOAA NGDC (neither reprocessed nor re-acquired from original agency)
Brightness temperature	SSMT	DMSP block 5D F-14	Apr 1997-Jul 1997	NOAA NGDC (neither reprocessed nor re-acquired from original agency)
Brightness temperature	SSMT	DMSP block 5D F-15	Jan 2000-present	NOAA NGDC (neither reprocessed nor re-acquired from original agency)
Brightness temperature	MSU	TIROS-N	Oct 1978-Feb 1981
Brightness temperature	MSU	NOAA-6	Jul 1979-Oct 1986
Brightness temperature	MSU	NOAA-7	Jul 1981-Feb 1985
Brightness temperature	MSU	NOAA-8	Apr 1983-Oct 1985
Brightness temperature	MSU	NOAA-9	Dec 1984-Mar 1987
Brightness temperature	MSU	NOAA-10	Nov 1986-Sep 1991
Brightness temperature	MSU	NOAA-11	Sep 1988-Feb 1999
Brightness temperature	MSU	NOAA-12	Jul 1991-May 1997
Brightness temperature	MSU	NOAA-14	Apr 1995-Sep 2006
Brightness temperature	AMSU-A	NOAA-15	Aug 1998-Dec 2011
Brightness temperature	AMSU-A	NOAA-16	Oct 2000-Jun 2009
Brightness temperature	AMSU-A	NOAA-17	Jul 2002-Oct 2003
Brightness temperature	AMSU-A	NOAA-18	Jul 2005-Dec 2011
Brightness temperature	AMSU-A	NOAA-19	Jun 2009-Dec 2011
Brightness temperature	AMSU-A	EOS-Aqua	Dec 2002-Dec 2011
Brightness temperature	AMSU-A	METOP-A	Jan 2007-Dec 2011
Brightness temperature	SMMR	SEASAT	Jul 1978-Oct 1978	DATA LOCATION UNKNOWN
Brightness temperature	SMMR	NIMBUS-7	Oct 1978-Aug 1987	RSS and/or CSU and/or CM-SAF may have copies of L1 data
Brightness temperature	SSM/I	DMSP block 5D F-8	Sep 1987-Dec 1991	CM-SAF http://wui.cmsaf.eu/safira/action/viewDoiDetails?acronym=FCDR_SSMI_V001
Brightness temperature	SSM/I	DMSP block 5D F-10	Jan 1991-Nov 1997 Note: dataset used in ERA-Interim is shorter (Jan 1992-Jan 1993)	CM-SAF http://wui.cmsaf.eu/safira/action/viewDoiDetails?acronym=FCDR_SSMI_V001
Brightness temperature	SSM/I	DMSP block 5D F-11	Jan 1992-Dec 1999 Note: dataset used in ERA-Interim is shorter (Jan 1993-Jan 1996)	CM-SAF http://wui.cmsaf.eu/safira/action/viewDoiDetails?acronym=FCDR_SSMI_V001
Brightness temperature	SSM/I	DMSP block 5D F-13	May 1995-Dec 2008 Note: dataset used in ERA-Interim extends to 2009 (Jan 1996-Nov 2009)	CM-SAF http://wui.cmsaf.eu/safira/action/viewDoiDetails?acronym=FCDR_SSMI_V001
Brightness temperature	SSM/I	DMSP block 5D F-14	May 1997-Aug 2008 Note: dataset used in ERA-Interim is shorter (Jun 1999-Aug 2008)	CM-SAF http://wui.cmsaf.eu/safira/action/viewDoiDetails?acronym=FCDR_SSMI_V001
Brightness temperature	SSM/I	DMSP block 5D F-15	Feb 2000-Jul 2006 Note: dataset used in ERA-Interim is shorter (Jul 2000-Aug 2006)	CM-SAF http://wui.cmsaf.eu/safira/action/viewDoiDetails?acronym=FCDR_SSMI_V001
Brightness temperature	SSM/I-S	DMSP block 5D F-16	Nov 2005-Sep 2013 (as of 25 Oct 2013)	CM-SAF, or CSU http://rain.atmos.colostate.edu/FCDR/
Brightness temperature	SSM/I-S	DMSP block 5D F-17	Mar 2008-Sep 2013 (as of 25 Oct 2013)	CM-SAF, or CSU http://rain.atmos.colostate.edu/FCDR/
Brightness temperature	SSM/I-S	DMSP block 5D F-18	Mar 2010-Sep 2013 (as of 25 Oct 2013)	CM-SAF, or CSU http://rain.atmos.colostate.edu/FCDR/
Brightness temperature	TMI	TRMM	Dec 1997-Dec 2011	JAXA
Brightness temperature	AMSR	ADEOS-2	Jan 2003-Oct 2003	JAXA
Brightness temperature	AMSR-E	EOS-AQUA	May 2002-Oct 2011	JAXA
Brightness temperature	SSM/T-2	DMSP block 5D F-11	Jan 1993-May 2000 Note: NOAA NGDC seems to have data before 1993, from Apr 1992 (http://ngdc.noaa.gov/eog/availability.html)	Met Office
Brightness temperature	SSM/T-2	DMSP block 5D F-12	Sep 1994-Jan 2002	Met Office
Brightness temperature	SSM/T-2	DMSP block 5D F-14	Apr 1997-Oct 2006 Note: NOAA NGDC seems to have data after 2006, until Aug 2008 (http://ngdc.noaa.gov/eog/availability.html)	Met Office
Brightness temperature	SSM/T-2	DMSP block 5D F-15	Aug 2000-May 2008 Note: NOAA NGDC seems to have data after 2008, until present (http://ngdc.noaa.gov/eog/availability.html)	Met Office
Brightness temperature	AMSU-B	NOAA-15		ERA and JRA DO NOT USE
Brightness temperature	AMSU-B	NOAA-16	Oct 2000-Sep 2007
Brightness temperature	AMSU-B	NOAA-17	Aug 2002-Dec 2009
Brightness temperature	HSB	EOS-Aqua	May 2002-Feb 2003	NASA JPL AIRS v5 or v6 reprocessed dataset of L1B
Brightness temperature	MHS	NOAA-18	Jul 2005-Dec 2011
Brightness temperature	MHS	NOAA-19	Jun 2009-Dec 2011
Brightness temperature	MHS	METOP-A	Jan 2007-Dec 2011

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The Tropical Cyclone Candidate Event Project: A global dataset of reanalysis-derived tropical cyclone candidate events for 1871-1979

Truchelut, R., R. Hart, and B. Luthman, 2013: Global identification of previously undetected pre-satellite era tropical cyclone candidates in NOAA/CIRES 20th Century Reanalysis data. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol. doi:10.1175/JAMC-D-12-0276.1.

For full documentation and results of the project, please visit: http://moe.met.fsu.edu/tcce/

Project Abstract

Prior to the satellite era, limited synoptic observation networks led to an indefinite number of tropical cyclones (TCs) remaining undetected. This period of decreased confidence in the TC climatological record includes the first two-thirds of the 20th Century. While prior studies found this undersampling exists, disagreement regarding its magnitude has caused difficulties in interpreting multi-decadal changes in TC activity.

Previous research also demonstrated that reanalyses can be used to extend TC climatology, utilizing the NOAA/CIRES 20th Century Reanalysis to manually identify previously unknown Atlantic Basin potential TCs. The results significantly expand upon the scope of the earlier work, using a filtering algorithm to identify TC candidate events in all tropical basins for the years 1871-1979. The result is the first quantitative and objective global TC candidate event counts for the decades prior to formal recordkeeping.

Verification using ship reports and other in situ observations performed on a subset of the events indicates that the algorithm identifies potential missing TCs at a success rate of 25%-50%, depending on the basin. As our team has performed the verification process on only a small fraction of the thousands of candidate events identified, maps have been made publically available containing model and observational data produced at 6 hour intervals for each candidate event. These images, as well as full documentation of our research procedures, is provided at the links above. It is our hope that ongoing and future TC climatology revision efforts will use this data as a source of independent guidance in order to produce a more complete record of historical tropical cyclone activity.

We hope you find our work useful, and please do not hesitate to contact us directly with questions or specific data requests.

Ryan Truchelut (ret08@fsu.edu) and Robert Hart (rhart@fsu.edu)

Florida State University Meteorology

Tracks of potential mising Atlantic Basin TCs, 1951-1966.

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Marine data rescue

This page has been created to provide a forum for those working in the field of marine data rescue to highlight to the Community newly identified sources of data and to discuss how they might be used to fill existing temporal or geographical gaps in the record or where helpful; enhance existing records (e.g. sub daily data rather than daily).

Please add any findings or thoughts in the comments below. Where relevant, please add URL's and give a quick summary of the time period, geographical region(s) covered and types of observations the source contains.

The RECovery of Logbooks And International Marine data (RECLAIM)--a cooperative international project to locate and image historical ship logbooks and related marine data and metadata from archives across the globe, and to digitize the meteorological and oceanographic observations for merger into ICOADS.

Re: Marine data rescue

Every year the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) runs an ABC Science's National Science Week Citizen Science Project. I have submitted a proposal to get the thousands of Clement Wragge’s historical ship logbook images I have photographed digitised. My proposal has been successful. The project will run for the months of August. The aim of this project is to make a major contribution to ACRE initiative by involving as many ‘citizen scientists’ as possible in digitising thousands photographed ship logbook weather extracts dating from 1882 to 1903, that were collected by Clement Wragge, the former Government Meteorologist of Queensland. These log extracts cover the immediate Australasian region and also capture ships traversing the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans. Each image has recordings of locations, sea surface and air temperatures, barometric pressure, wind direction and other interesting observations e.g. location of pack ice, sun spots etc. The information from hundreds or thousands of points of weather measurements made from ships will contribute to the improvement of climate model projections and markedly extend international databases and baselines of global weather and extremes. Christa Pudmenzky International Centre for Applied Climate Sciences (ICACS) University of Southern Queensland Toowoomba, Queensland, 4350, Australia

Re: Marine data rescue

Hi Christa! This is fabulous news - congratulations!

18th Century data

A digital version of the logbook kept by William Wales on board HMS Resolution during the passage to the South Seas under the command of Captain James Cook is now available on line. The log has been digitized by the JISC-supported project, ‘Navigating Eighteenth Century Science and Technology: the Board of Longitude’.

http://cudl.lib.cam.ac.uk/view/MS-RGO-00014-00058/1

18th Century data for North Atlantic, South Atlantic, Antarctic Circle, Pacific.
Date range - 21st June 1772 – 30th July 1775.
Observations - Daily barometer and thermometer observations.