Satellite observations in reanalyses
Dataset overview relevant to atmospheric reanalyses
Visit the following page for a list of about 190 satellite datasets.
Usage overview in atmospheric reanalyses
| Instrument, Observable |
CFSR | MERRA | JRA-25 | JRA-55 | ERA-Interim |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MSU, radiances |
ch. 1,2,3,4 For NOAA-10 to -14, NESDIS SNO corrected calibration coefficients; Exclusions: tighten qc limits in tropics and over high terrain; window test ch. 2 |
ch. 1,2,3,4 NESDIS SNO corrected calibration coefficients; Exclusions: snow, ice, mixed surfaces for ch. 1,2 |
ch. 2, 3, 4 Exclusions: land or rain for ch. 2-3 |
ch. 2, 3, 4 Exclusions: land or rain for ch. 2, land for ch. 3 |
ch. 2, 3, 4 Exclusions: land or rain for ch. 2, land for ch. 3 |
| AMSU-A, radiances |
ch. 1-13, 15 Exclusions: estimated cloud liquid water large for ch. 1-5, 15; Scattering index too large for ch. 1-6, 15; Channel 4 gross check large for ch. 1-5,15; Ch. 6 gross check large for ch. 1-6,15; Over high orography (> 2000m) for ch. 1-5, 15; large fit to emissivity or Ts for ch. 1-5, 15 |
ch.1-15 Exclusions: snow, ice, mixed surfaces for ch. 1-6,15, no offset bias correct for ch.14 |
ch. 4-13 Exclusions: sea-ice or land for ch. 4-5, high terrain for ch. 6-7, rain for ch4-6 |
ch. 4-14 Exclusions: sea-ice or land for ch. 4-5, high terrain for ch.6-7, rain for ch4-8 |
ch. 5-14 Exclusions: high terrain for ch. 5-6, rain for ch. 5-7, no offset bias correct for ch14 |
| AMSU-B / MHS, radiances |
ch. 1-5 Exclusions: scattering index too large, channel 1 fit too large, any channel failing gross check, high orography (>2000m). |
ch. 1-5 Exclusions: snow, ice, mixed surfaces for ch. 1,2,5 |
ch. 3-5 Exclusions: land, sea-ice, rain |
ch. 3-5 Exclusions: land, sea-ice, rain |
ch. 3-5 Exclusions: sea-ice, rain, high terrain for ch. 3-4, land for ch. 5 |
| SSMI, radiances |
ch. 1-7 Ocean only |
ch. 1,3,4,6 Exclusions: land, rain |
ch. 1-7 Exclusions: land, rain |
||
|
HIRS, |
ch. 2-15 Exclusions: Over water wavenumbers > 2400 during day; high orography (> 2000); above model top; only use channels with signal above clouds; surface sensing channels with large difference. |
ch. 2-15 Exclusions: land for channels 5-8 |
ch. 2-7, 11, 12, 14, 15 Exclusions: clouds or land for ch. 4 and above |
ch. 2-7, 11, 12, 14, 15 Exclusions: land for ch. 4-7, 11, 14, 15, high terrain for ch. 12, clouds for ch. 3 and above |
ch. 2-7, 11, 12, 14, 15. Exclusions: clouds, land for ch. 4-7, 11, 14, 15, high terrain for ch. 12 |
| SSU, radiances |
ch. 1,2,3 All channels bias-corrected. |
ch.1,2,3 No offset bias correct. for ch.3 |
ch. 1,2,3 | ch. 1,2,3 | ch. 1,2,3 No offset bias correct. for ch.3 |
| GEO, radiances |
GOES sounder, 5x5 1993-2007, 1x1 2007- | GOES sounder | GOES, METEOSAT, GMS, MTSAT imagers | GOES, METEOSAT, MTSAT imagers | |
| SSMI, retrievals |
Surface wind speed above oceans | Surface wind speed above oceans, Rain rate | Total column water vapor, Snow cover | Snow cover | Total column water vapor in rainy areas above oceans |
|
Imager, |
GOES, METEOSAT, GMS, MTSAT, MODIS | GOES, METEOSAT, GMS, MODIS | GOES, METEOSAT, GMS, MTSAT, MODIS | GOES, METEOSAT, GMS, MTSAT, MODIS | GOES, METEOSAT, GMS, MTSAT, MODIS |
| Scatterometer, winds above ocean surface |
ERS, Quikscat, ASCAT | ERS, Quikscat | ERS, Quikscat, ASCAT | ERS, Quikscat, ASCAT | ERS, Quikscat |
| Ozone sensors, retrievals |
SBUV V8 Retrievals | SBUV V8 Retrievals | TOMS, OMI (nudging) | TOMS, OMI (nudging) | TOMS, SBUV, GOME, MIPAS, SCIAMACHY, MLS, OMI |
| Other notable elements | AIRS, IASI, GPS radio occultation, AMSR-E, reprocessed ERS, reprocessed GMS, AMSU-B NOAA-15 | TMI rain rate, AIRS, AMSU-B NOAA-15 | Reprocessed GMS winds, AMSR-E Total column water vapor, HIRS NOAA-15 and later not used | Reprocessed winds from GMS/GOES- 9/MTSAT (revised) and METEOSAT, Reprocessed radiances from GMS/GOES- 9/MTSAT, TMI (from US), AMSR-E (from JAXA), GPS radio occultation, SSMIS, VTPR, HIRS NOAA- 15 and later not used |
GPS radio occultation, AIRS, SSM/I-S, AMSR-E, HIRS NOAA-18 |
| Input checked by | J.Woollen, B.Kistler, D.Kleist, J.Derber | R. Gelaro, M. Bosilovich |
S. Kobayashi | S. Kobayashi | P. Poli |
Reprocessing
Coordination meeting in the framework of EU FP7 Core-Climax and EU FP7 ERA-CLIM on the reprocessing of GOES, METEOSAT, and AVHRR into atmospheric motion vector (AMV) winds (as well as clear-sky and all-sky radiances for METEOSAT). View the report here.
Re: Satellite
In one sense, all the data assimilated is intended to make precipitation better. Consider that precipitation from reanalysis is derived from the background model forecasts, not the analysis of state fields to initialize the forecast. Any observation that improves the forecast, should improve the precipitation. That said, precipitation can be influenced by the water vapor assimilation.
Re: Satellite